Earth Day Every Day

What is Earth Day?
Earth Day is observed on April 22 and was started in the United States in 1970 by Senator Gaylord Nelson to create awareness for the Earth's environment and to encourage conservation efforts. In 1990, Earth Day was taken international, and today, more than 500 million people in 175 countries observe Earth Day.

We have been learning how to recycle, reuse, and re purpose the things around us.  Here are a few ideas:
1.  Eat smart.  Know what's in your food and where it comes from.
2.  Use a reusable water bottle like a stainless steel one. 
3.  Take shorter showers.
4. Stop using those plastic bags every store tries to give you.  Instead bring your own bag or box.  Most stores have their own "green" bag for a small price.  Put them right back into your car after you unpack the groceries so you will always be prepared.
5.  Recycle newspapers, magazines, junk mail and other household paper that no longer is useful to you. 
6.  Unplug the iPod chargers when not in use. 
7.  Take old towels and sheets to the local pet shelter.
8.  Support local farmer markets or get involved in a CSA. 
9.  Plant a tree or start a vegetable garden of your own.
10.  What are you doing to celebrate our Earth?


Mom Says No To This Green Shake

ohh, it's green shake time.  McDonalds, How I wish you would improve in your ingredients.  You may have noticed the addition of this leprechaun seasonal green dyed item on the menu.   Please don't consider yourself lucky by having access to this chemical fest.  


If you’ve ever wondered what gives the shake its famous green color, the secret is in the syrup. The Shamrock Shake syrup contains yellow 5 and blue 1, both of which have been linked to behavioral problems and hyperactivity in children. Blue 1 is also poorly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract, and yellow 5 can be linked to cancer. The Center for Science in the Public Interest has petitioned the Food and Drug Administration to ban the additives since 2008, and they have already been phased out in the United Kingdom. The syrup also contains — surprise — high fructose corn syrup.
And take a closer look, there is no mention of mint in the emerald colored drinks.  But there is Carrageenan which is widely added to ice creams and yogurts.  Carrageenan is linked to inflammatory illnesses.  Chronic inflammation is the root of many diseases including Parkinsons, heart disease, Alzheimers, and cancers.


Just take a look at the lengthy ingredient list.


VANILLA REDUCED FAT ICE CREAM
Ingredients: Milk, Sugar, Cream, Corn Syrup, Natural Flavor, Mono and Diglycerides, Cellulose Gum, Guar Gum, Carrageenan, Vitamin A Palmitate.
Contains: MILK.
SHAMROCK SHAKE SYRUP
Ingredients: High Fructose Corn Syrup, Corn Syrup, Water, Sugar, Natural Flavor, Xanthan Gum, Citric Acid, Sodium Benzoate (Preservative), Yellow 5, Blue 1. May contain small amounts of other shake flavors served at the restaurant, including egg ingredients when Egg Nog Shakes are available.
WHIPPED TOPPING
Ingredients: Cream, Nonfat Milk, Corn Syrup, Sugar, High Fructose Corn Syrup, Contains 1% or Less: Mono-And Diglycerides, Carrageenan, Polysorbate 80, Beta Carotene (Color), Natural and Artificial Flavor, Mixed Tocopherols (Vitamin E) to Protect Flavor. Whipping Propellant (Nitrous Oxide).
Contains: MILK.
MARASCHINO CHERRY
Ingredients: Cherries, Water, Corn Syrup, High Fructose Corn Syrup, Sugar, Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Natural and Artificial Flavors, Sodium Benzoate and Potassium Sorbate (Preservatives), Red 40, Sulfur Dioxide as Preservative (Contains Sulfites).
GREEN SUGAR CRYSTALS

Ingredients: Sugar, Yellow 5 Lake, Confectioners Glaze, Blue 1 Lake, Carnauba Wax.



That's A LOT of ingredients!!

When this post was originally written in 2014 the serving count looked like this: Notice the changes in the medium in March of 2017.

Original - Medium - A 16 ounce serving is 550 calories. 13 grams of fat, 8 grams of saturated fat, 1 gram of trans fat, 50 milligrams of cholesterol, 180 milligrams of sodium, no fiber, 82 grams of sugar and 13 grams of protein.

Update March 2017 - from McDonalds website -  This is a small

This is a medium





Instead, try this easy recipe which has pineapple, banana and kale.  
Ingredients
1/2 cup coconut milk
2 cups stemmed and chopped kale or spinach
1 1/2 cups chopped pineapple (about 1/4 medium pineapple)
1 ripe banana, chopped
Directions
Combine the coconut milk, ½ cup water, the kale, pineapple, and banana in a blender and puree until smooth, about 1 minute, adding more water to reach the desired consistency.

Nutritional Information
Per Serving
Calories 253
Fat 13g
Sat Fat 11g
Cholesterol 0mg
Sodium 38mg
Protein 5g
Carbohydrate 36g
Sugar 18g
Fiber 5g
Iron 3mg
Calcium 119mg

Do you have a recipe for a healthy "green" shake?  How about a "mint" shake?


Sources:
https://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en-us/product/shamrock-mccafe-shake-small.html
http://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en/food/product_nutrition.mccafe.3779.shamrock-mccafe-shake-small.html
http://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/browse-all-recipes/kale-smoothie-recipe-00100000095097/index.html
http://www.drweil.com/drw/u/QAA401181/Is-Carrageenan-Safe.html
http://www.sofreshandsogreen.com/2012/03/12/mcdonalds-shamrock-shake-goes-nationwide-but-do-you-really-want-one/

Fast Food Restaurant Antibiotic Use Scorecard

How does your favorite fast food restaurant add up? It's important to know what you are buying and putting into your body.  What other restaurants are you interested in?
You can read more about the rankings here:

https://draxe.com/antibiotics-in-fast-food/?utm_campaign=Article-October-2016&utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Facebook&utm_term=fastfood#



Getting Through Halloween - Making it Teal

Launched as a national campaign by Food Allergy Research & Education (FARE) in 2014, the Teal Pumpkin Project™ raises awareness of food allergies and promotes inclusion of all trick-or-treaters throughout the Halloween season. Teal is the color of food allergy awareness and has been used to raise awareness about this serious medical condition for nearly 20 years. Food allergies are a life-altering and potentially life-threatening disease, and a growing public health issue. In the U.S., one in 13 children has a food allergy – that’s roughly two in every classroom. For these children, even a tiny amount of their allergen has the potential to cause a severe reaction.  


Join me! I’ve pledged to support FARE’s Teal Pumpkin Project to create a safer, happier Halloween by offering non-food treats as well for trick-or-treaters.   tealpumpkinproject.org 







Halloween can also be a nightmare if you or your kids have ADD/ADHD tendancies and have an intolerance to artificial colors like red 40, yellow 5/6, blue 1, artificial flavor, vanillin, or preservatives like BHT or TBHQ. These chemicals are found in many candies and gum. Try a trade in policy with your kids. I've heard it called the "switch witch".   After trick or treating help your kids go through their candy and have them trade in all the yucky chemical candy for approved candies without the chemicals, stickers, a special toy or game, maybe even a little money! In my area there are schools and dentists who will take donated candy and arrange to send it to the Troops.  Do you have a trade in policy?

We follow the Feingold Diet removing all artificial colors, artificial flavors, vanillin, and preservatives.  Check the label on your next candy bar, m&m, skittles, etc and you will see these treats are made up of dangerous chemicals. Click here to read my post about the Feingold elimination diet and symptoms commonly helped.  


Last year, households from 50 states and 7 countries participated in the Teal Pumpkin Project™.  Raise awareness by becoming part of the teal pumpkin project. We did this last year for the launch and it was very well received. Tons of parents of the little trick or treaters asked about it and some even asked questions about how we started out with Feingold. Everyone liked seeing the options of treats and non food treats.  I purchased a can of teal spray paint at Home Depot and wola!  Such a beautiful color!





As you trick or treat this year, take notice. For more information about the Teal Pumpkin Project, click here. Take the pledge to join the 100,000 households who are raising awareness for a safer, happier Halloween experience for all those who struggle with serious food allergies and side effects and interactions from unsafe chemical additives found in most US candy.

Candy Cooties

Another holiday is right around the corner.  Do you know what's in the chocolate bar you are eating?  Do you suffer from migraines, irritability, skin problems? Are your kids eating chocolate?  Are they impulsive, un-focused, quick to rage? Take a look at the ingredients in your candy bar.  You might be surprised to see a range of chemical ickys in there.

Image result for chocolate artificial colors food babe



Luckily, there are choices!  We sub with Sundrops, UnReal, and Clark.  It doesn't just stop at candy.  When we started this journey a few years ago I discovered the importance of reading ingredient labels.  Do not assume your food will help you stay healthy.  You need to know what ingredients to avoid. So many ingredients in the US food system will effect your well being and that of your children.



I remember an ice cream social we took part in. We've been mindful of toxic ingredients for some time now.  I knew what the spread was going to be without even seeing it.  I wish I had snapped a picture of the table.  There was every kind of candy topping you could think of.  It would surely make other like minded folks cringe.  We brought simple substitutions free of dangerous chemicals, enjoyed the party and didn't miss out on a thing. Funny, it wasn't long before lots of kids were running around willy nilly and we all noticed a host of impatient adults trying to deal with the chaos.   oy.. 
Does your school or activity have these kinds of celebrations?  Do they follow a party and treat guideline? 

graph courtesy of foodbabe
Cheap toxic chocolate - Foodbabe

Dye Free Easter Eggs - Yes!

With Easter just a couple weeks away it's time to start thinking about dye free egg decorating.  Did you know that the typical Easter egg dye kits you buy in the store are chock full of red 40, yellow 5, yellow 6, blue 1?  You usually add some vinegar to the concoction for more vivid coloring.  The problem?  Well, the dye leaches into the egg.  You definitely don't want to eat these eggs.  But there is more, you really don't want this dye to be absorbed through your skin.  These kinds of dyes have shown to have effects on children with adhd tendencies.  Artificial food dye is made from petroleum, a crude oil product.  This is the stuff that is also used to make gasoline, diesel, tar, and asphalt.  Yuck.  

Click here to read my post about the ADD/adhd and artificial food coloring connection.

Look at the eggs we color with natural dyes.  They may not have that artificial vivid color look, but to me, they are even more beautiful.

Here are some simple recipes to color your Easter eggs naturally.  Do you color your eggs with natural ingredients?  What do you use?

PINK~ Mix 1 cup strained juice from canned beets, 1/2 teaspoon vinegar and 3 cups water.  Soak cooled eggs for about 1/2 hr, less or more to your desired color.

ORANGE~ In a pot, mix 1 cup yellow onion skin (about 2 onions' worth), packed loosely, 1 teaspoon vinegar, and 3 cups water. Boil mixture for 1/2 hour, cool to room temperature, strain out the onion skins, then add cooled eggs and soak them in the dye for 1/2 hour.

PURPLE~Mix 1 cup purple grape juice, 1/2 teaspoon vinegar, and 3 cups water. Soak cooled eggs in the dye for 1/2  hour.

YELLOW~In a pot, mix 1 teaspoon turmeric, 1 teaspoon vinegar, and 3 cups water. Boil mixture for 1/2 hour, cool to room temperature, strain out stray turmeric grains, then add cooled eggs and soak them in
the dye for 1/2 hour.

LIGHT BLUE~In a pot, mix 1 cup red cabbage leaves, torn and loosely packed, 1 teaspoon vinegar, and 3 cups water. Boil mixture for 1/2 hour, cool to room temperature, strain out the cabbage leaves, then add cooled eggs and soak them in the dye for 1/2 hour.


http://www.feingoldmemberinfo.com/aprilpartyplus2014.html

Artificial Food Dyes




This is such a great visual article about red 40, yellow 5 and 6, blue 1, etc.  Click artificial colors to learn how they may be effecting you or your kids?
Did you know that Kellogg's and Kraft don't use artificial colors in their products in Great Britain?... that yellow 6 is banned in Norway and Sweden?.. that Red 40 can cause hyperactivity?

We have been a dye free family for several years now.  I don't buy or offer anything to my kids without first reading the ingredient label.  It's easier than it used to be but I can't assume anything is safe because companies can change manufacturers who may in turn use cheaper ingredients.

Arm yourself with information.  Know what you and your kids are eating.  You might be surprised by what's really in that breakfast cereal.  You might wonder why your son or daughter has sleep problems, focus issues, keeps chewing on his collar...any of which could be due to a food color sensitivity.

Try an easy experiment.  Remove artificial colors from your diet for a couple days and see if you notice a difference. 

Mars Inc. Ditch the Red 40 Petition Alert

Change.org petition.
www.change.org/MMsDyes

My children have an intolerance to chemical additives including artificial colors, red 40, yellow 5/6, blue 1, artificial flavor, vanillin, BHT, BPA and TBHQ.  I do not buy products containing these additives.

Several years ago it all started with an itchy tongue.  We were also having problems with focus in school, impulsivity, behavior, self esteem in my then 5 year old.  My other kids had problems falling asleep, staying asleep, night terrors, gait problems, migraines.  I started researching and thankfully learned about an elimination diet called the Feingold diet.  We have not looked back. Today my kids are honor roll students and involved in many extra curricular activities.  They demonstrate self control, and have confidence in their abilities.

There is a petition on change.org that is asking Mars Inc., makers of M&M's, to replace artificial dyes with natural coloring.  They already do this in Europe. Why is the US so far behind?  More signatures are needed.  Please sign and share with your groups and blogs.  Together, we can make a difference.
www.change.org/MMsDyes

GMO - We Have The Right To Know

Do you believe we are what we eat?  Do you think we should have the right to know what we are eating?
Most Americans don't know what they are eating.  Many aren't even reading the labels.  I began reading labels several years ago when I noticed reactions in my kids after they ate something with a certain chemical additives like red 40, yellow 5, vanillin, BHT, etc.  Changing our eating style has helped me and my family so much.  If I don't know what's in it, I won't buy it, period.

I have started taking it a step further when I began learning about GMO's.  GMO stands for genetically modified organisms

It's a challenging process but Whole Foods is committed to labeling all their products by the year 2018 and is the first national grocery store chain to set a deadline to do so.  There may be many reasons people want to know what's in their food.  Don't you think we have the right to know?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=TghIpBG5o3s

Currently there are The Nine GE Crops on the Market in the U.S.:    Corn    Soybeans    Canola    Cotton    Sugar Beets    Alfalfa    Hawaiian Papaya    Zucchini    Yellow Crookneck Squash 

Look for these on products to avoid GMO.



Go organic!
The USDA National Organic Standards prohibit the use of GMOs.
Look for the Non-GMO Project Verified seal
Third-party verification that a product is made without the intentional use of GMO ingredients.
64 countries label their genetically modified food


Shouldn't the USA be on this list?  
Take action now by signing the Just Label It campaign here

Know what you are eating and feeding your children

Shouldn't We Expect Better?

This 6 minute video has been popping up on my facebook page.  I finally watched it.  In full disclosure I am not a vegetarian and I consider myself somewhat informed on how we get food to our family table.  BUT, this did make me pause.  

Awareness means everything and can give you the motivation to change or better your actions.

Please be warned, it is graphic and shocking.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=fPZti7EwPbw

Documentary View - Tapped

I watched Tapped this weekend.  Take a look at the trailer and tell me what you think.  It is really eye opening.  I have a variety of water bottles that I use most of the time but I still buy bottled water.  Not sure why and will definately be limiting that more and more.
edit to read:  no longer buying water bottles!  Using stainless steel water bottles. Love them!


GMO Position | Ben & Jerry's

GMO Position | Ben & Jerry's

Thank you Ben & Jerry.  I hope more companies jump on this band wagon and start labeling their products!  Check out the Just Label It partners, here.

Documentary View - Food Fight

My weekly documentary recommendation is Food Fight.  This came out in 2008.  Our diet lifestyle has changed dramatically over the last 50 year.  This movie will make you think about making organic choices.

Fooducate : Do you know your ingredient list?

As I continue to learn and grow I come upon things that make me pause.  We avoid harmful additives as much as we can, my kids have a direct reaction to foods and products that contain artificial colors like red 40, yellow 5, yellow 6, blue 1.  We avoid artificial flavors, especially vanillin,  high fructose corn syrup, MSG, and preservatives like sodium benzoate, TBHQ, BHT, and BPA.  We also cut foods that contain high levels of salycilates.  Salycilates are chemicals that are found naturally in some plants.  Strawberries, grapes, and cherries are just a few fruits that are high in salycilates.  Tomato, peppers, and water chestnuts are some of the vegetables that are high in salycilates.  I've recently cut foods that are GMO.

Many children with ADHD/ADD react poorly to food that contain any of the above.  
To learn what's in your food while you are at the grocery store check out fooducate.  Fooducate is available in the ap store.  They also have a blog here.. http://blog.fooducate.com/  
And, remember to always check labels.  Just because it says "100% juice" does not mean it actually is "100 juice".




Food Documentaries

I plan on watching at least 1 documentary a week and sharing my thoughts here.  What are your top 3 food documentaries?  These are some of my favorites:

King Corn-  The premise is 2 friends follow the path of a kernel of corn through planting, harvesting and distribution.  For families dealing with chemical/phenol/petro issues, this is a real eye opener.  Take a look at the trailer and tell me what you think.



Food Inc-  This film looks at the issues of corporate farming in America and the problem it's become.  This movie speaks to many unknown facts including Monsanto's soybean monopoly and the lacking USDA power in the US.



Supersize Me- Follow along as Morgan Spurlock consumes nothing but McDonalds 3 times a day for a month.  Ewww.





Feingold Diet Helps ADD and ADHD Symptoms


Everyone experiences some of these symptoms once in a while, but it is the intensity and frequency that can indicate when it is not a normal condition and where diet could play a part.  This material is for information only and is not intended to replace appropriate medical care.  

For my family it all started with my youngest who complained of an itchy tongue.  We have learned so much about food and follow the Feingold diet avoiding artificial colors, red 40, yellow 5, yellow 6, blue 1, artificial flavors, vanillin, preservatives, BHT, BPA and TBHQ.  These chemicals effect my kids and so many others who may not even realize it's all in what they are eating.

 If you are having problems with your childs self esteem, impulsivity, aggression, test results, reading, sleeping, mood, etc. try avoiding these chemicals.  You have nothing to lose and everything to gain.  You will need to give yourself time to read labels while shopping and maybe invest in a good pair of readers!

Kids and adults who eat products containing a chemical additive that they may have an intolerance for can exhibit 1 or more of the following problems.  


Behavior Problems


Marked
hyperactivity
  • Constant motion
  • Running instead of walking
  • Inability to sit still
  • Inappropriate wiggling of legs/hands
Impulsive
actions
  • Poor self-control, unpredictable behavior
  • Disruptive behavior / disturbs others
  • Unresponsive to discipline
  • Abusive behavior, unkindness to pets
  • Destructive behaviors: throws, breaks things
  • Little or no recognition of danger to self
  • Inappropriate noises
  • Excessive or loud talking, interrupts often
Compulsive
actions
  • Aggression
  • Perseveration/repeating of an activity
  • Touching things or people excessively
  • Chewing on clothing, other objects
  • Scratching, biting & picking at skin
  • Workaholic habits
Emotional
concerns
  • Low frustration tolerance
  • Demands immediate attention
  • Irritability
  • Overreaction to touch, pain, sound, lights
  • Nervousness, panics easily
  • Mood swings
  • Low self-esteem
  • Depression
  • Frequent crying
  • Suicidal thoughts








Learning Problems


Short
attention
span
  • Impatience
  • Distraction
  • Failure to complete projects
  • Inability to listen to whole story
  • Inability to follow directions
Neuro-
muscular
involvement
  • Accident prone
  • Poor muscle coordination
  • Difficulty writing, drawing
  • Dyslexia/reading problems
  • Speech difficulties/delays
  • Difficulty with playground activities, sports
  • Eye muscle disorder (nystagmus, strabismus)
  • Tics (unusual or uncontrollable movements)
  • Seizures (if combined with migraine or hyperactivity)
Cognitive
and
perceptual
disturbances
  • Auditory memory deficits (difficulty remembering what is heard)
  • Visual memory deficits (difficulty remembering what is seen)
  • Difficulty in comprehension and short term memory
  • Disturbance in spatial orientation (up-down, right-left)
  • Difficulties in reasoning (simple math problems, meaning in words)

 Health Problems


        People who have symptoms of ADHD that respond well to dietary management also frequently have health problems such as:
Frequent
physical
complaints

  • Ear infections
  • Asthma
  • Bedwetting (enuresis)
  • Daytime wetting
  • Stomachaches
  • Headaches, migraines
  • Hives, rashes (urticaria)
  • Eczema
  • Leg aches
  • Constipation, diarrhea
  • Congestion
  • Seizures (if combined with migraine or hyperactivity)
Sleep
problems
  • Resistance to going to bed
  • Difficulty falling asleep
  • Restless / erratic sleep
  • Nightmares, bad dreams

  

Description: http://www.feingold.org/images/3BBULRD.GIFWhere do food dyes come from?
Those pretty colors that make the "fruit punch" red, the gelatin green and the oatmeal blue are made from petroleum (crude oil) which is also the source for gasoline.
You will find them on the ingredient labels, listed as "Yellow No. 5," "Red 40," "Blue #1," etc. The label may say "FD&C" before the number. That means "Food, Drug & Cosmetics." When you see a number listed as "D&C" in a product, such as "D&C Red #33" it means that this coloring is considered safe for medicine (drugs) and cosmetics, but not for food.
Description: http://www.feingold.org/images/3BBULRD.GIFWhat are artificial flavorings?
They are combinations of many chemicals, both natural and synthetic. An artificial flavoring may be composed of hundreds of separate chemicals, and there is no restriction on what a company can use to flavor food.
One source for imitation vanilla flavoring (called "vanillin") is the waste product of paper mills. Some companies built factories next to the pulp mills to turn the undesirable by-product into imitation flavoring,
Description: http://www.feingold.org/images/3BBULRD.GIFWhat are BHA, BHT and TBHQ?
Those initials stand for three major preservatives found in many foods, especially in the United States. Like the dyes, they are made from petroleum (crude oil). Often, they are not listed in the ingredients.
These chemicals may be listed as "anti-oxidants" because they prevent the fats in foods from "oxidizing" or becoming rancid (spoiling). There are many natural, beneficial anti-oxidants, but they are much more expensive than the synthetic versions.
There are other undesirable food additives (MSG, sodium benzoate, nitrites, sulfites, to name a few) but most of the additives used in foods have not been found to be as big a problem as those listed above. 


Description: http://www.feingold.org/images/3BBULRD.GIFFood additives are not new. Artificial colors have been around for more than 100 years. (Originally they were made from coal tar oil.) And children have been eating artificially colored and flavored products for decades.
But then . . . most children ate these additives infrequently. They got an occasional lollipop from the bank or barber shop. Cotton candy was found at the circus. Jelly beans were given at Easter, orange cupcakes at Halloween and candy canes at Christmas.  Today . . . the typical child growing up in the United States is exposed to these powerful chemicals all day, every day.
What the child growing up in the U.S. in the 1940's got:
What the child growing up in the U.S. today gets:
White toothpaste
Multi-colored toothpaste, perhaps with sparkles
Oatmeal
Sea Treasures Instant Oatmeal (turns milk blue)
Corn flakes
Fruity Pebbles
Toast & butter, jam
Pop Tarts
Cocoa made with natural ingredients
Cocoa made with artificial flavoring, & some with dyes.
Whipped cream
Cool Whip
No vitamins (or perhaps cod liver oil)
Flintstone vitamins with coloring & flavoring
White powder or bad-tasting liquid medicine
Bright pink, bubble-gum flavored chewable or liquid medicine
Sample school lunch:
Meat loaf, freshly made mashed potatoes, vegetable. Milk, cupcake made from scratch.
Sample school lunch:
Highly processed foods loaded with synthetic additives, no vegetable. Chocolate milk with artificial flavor.
Sample school beverage:
Water from the drinking fountain
Sample school beverage:
Soft drink with artificial color, flavor, caffeine, aspartame, etc.
Candy in the classroom a few times a year at class parties.
Candy (with synthetic additives) given frequently.




Environmental Chemicals
Artificially colored, flavored, scented, or preserved non-food items can also cause a reaction when inhaled or absorbed through the skin.


Pesticides
Pesticides used outside the home are easily tracked inside and are readily inhaled and absorbed through the skin.  Children are at high risk of exposure since they are more likely to crawl on the floor and play in the grass and on the school playground.

Perfumes/Plug Ins
Today, fragrances are made primarily from petroleum, and can be just as harmful as petroleum based food additives.  When inhaled, they go directly to the brain, where they can trigger an immediate reaction. 


Sources: